Áú»¢¶Ä²©

Documentation

This is the documentation page for an unsupported version of Áú»¢¶Ä²©.
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1 ???? ????
2 ?? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
3 ?????? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
4 ????? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
5 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.0
6 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.1
6 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.4
7 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.2
8 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.3
10 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.5
12 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.6
12 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.7
13 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.8
14 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.9
15 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.10
16 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.11
17 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.12
18 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.13
19 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.14
20 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.15
21 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.16
22 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.17
23 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.18
24 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.19
25 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.20
26 What's new in Áú»¢¶Ä²© 6.4.21
2. ?????? ?????
1 ?????? ?????
2 ????
3 Agent (????) 2
4 Proxy
1 ????? ???????
2 ????? ??????? RHEL
3 ???? ??????? Debian/Ubuntu
6 ????
7 ????? (Get)
8 JS
9 ????? ???
1 ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
1 ???? ?? ???? PostgreSQL
2 ???? ?? ???? MongoDB
????? ????? ??????? ?????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ???????
????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2 ?? Windows
????? ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ?? Windows
????? ????? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ??macOS
1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux
2 Debian/Ubuntu/Raspbian
3 ??? SUSE Linux Enterprise
4 ????? ???? Windows ??MSI
5 ????? ???? ??Mac OS ??PKG
6 ??????? ????????
5 ????? ???????????
6 ????? ???? ????
1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux
2 Debian/Ubuntu
Upgrade from containers
????? ???????
1 Compilation issues
9 ??????? ??????
10 Upgrade notes for 6.4.0
11 Upgrade notes for 6.4.1
12 Upgrade notes for 6.4.2
13 Upgrade notes for 6.4.3
13 Upgrade notes for 6.4.4
14 Upgrade notes for 6.4.5
15 Upgrade notes for 6.4.6
17 Upgrade notes for 6.4.7
18 Upgrade notes for 6.4.8
19 Upgrade notes for 6.4.9
20 Upgrade notes for 6.4.10
21 Upgrade notes for 6.4.11
22 Upgrade notes for 6.4.12
23 Upgrade notes for 6.4.13
24 Upgrade notes for 6.4.14
24 Upgrade notes for 6.4.15
26 Upgrade notes for 6.4.16
27 Upgrade notes for 6.4.17
28 Upgrade notes for 6.4.18
29 Upgrade notes for 6.4.19
30 Upgrade notes for 6.4.20
31 Upgrade notes for 6.4.21
1 ??????? ?????? ?????
2 ???? ???
3 ???? ???
4 New trigger
5 ???? ?????? ?? ?????
6 ????? ????
6. ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
1 ????? ????
2 Configuring a host group
2 ????
3 ????? ??????
1 ????? ???? ????
2 ?????? ??? ??????? ?????
1 ??????? ?????
2 ???? ????? ?????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? LLD ?-JSONPath
???????? JavaScript ??????
5 ????? ????? ?? CSV ??JSON
Windows Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent
Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
1 ???????? ???????
2 OIDs ???????
3 ????? MIB
3 ??????? SNMP
4 ?????? IPMI
?????? ???? ????? VMware
6 Log file monitoring
??????? ???????
8 ?????? ???????
9 ?????? SSH
10 ?????? Telnet
11 ?????? ????????
12 ????? ????
13 ???? ??? JMX
1 ?????? UnixODBC ??????? ???? MySQL
2 ?????? UnixODBC ??????? ???? PostgreSQL
3 ?????? UnixODBC ??????? ???? Oracle
4 ?????? UnixODBC ??????? ???? MSSQL
15 ?????? ??????
16 ???? HTTP
17 ?????? Prometheus
18 ????? ??????
4 ???????? ??????
1 ????? ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
7 ???? ??????? ?? Windows
8 ????? ??????
9 ????? ?????
10 ???
11 ????? ???
12 ?????? ???
13 ????? ?????? ????
1 ????? ?????
2 ????? ?????
3 ?????? ??????
4 ????? ??????
5 ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????
6 ????? ??????
7 ???????? ????? ??????
1 ????? ????? ?????
2 ?????? ??????? ??????
3 ????? ????? ?????
1 ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????
2 ???? ????? ?????
6 ????
1 ????? ??????
2 ??????? ???????? ?????
3 ????? ??-???
4 ????? ??????
1 ????? ??? ???
2 ????? ????? ??????
3 ?????? ?????
3 ????? ???????
4 ????? ??????? ????
1 ????? ?????
2 Configuring a template group
2 ?????/?????
3 ?????
4 ????? ??????
HTTP template operation
????? ????? IPMI
????? ????? IPMI
????? ????? ODBC
????? ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
????? ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???
1 ???? ????????
2 SMS (???????)
3 ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
??????? ??????? ??????
1 ?????
2 ?????? ???????
3 ?????? ??????
4 ????? ??????? ????? ???????
????? ?????
3 ?????? ?????
4 ?????? ?????
5 ??????
3 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????
1 ???????? ?????
2 ?????? ????? ?? ?????
3 ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????
4 Secret user macros
4 ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????
5 ?????? ????? ?? ?????
1 ????? ?????
2 ??????
3 ?????? ???????
CyberArk configuration
HashiCorp configuration
14 ????? ????????
1 Export to files
2 Streaming to external systems
3 SLA
4 ????? ?????
????? ?????
1 ????? ????? ???????
2 ????? ?????? ????????
1 ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????????
4 VMware monitoring setup example
JSON examples for VMware items
?????? ???? ????? VMware
11. ??????
12. ??????? ????????
1 Problem suppression
1 Template groups
2 Host groups
2 ??????
3 ??????
4 ???? ???
5 ???? ????
1 ????? ??? ????? ???
2 ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????
1 ???? ????? ?? ????
2 ???? ????? ?? ?????
3 ???? ????? ?? ?????
4 ???? ????? ????
4 ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
1 ????? ?????? ????? ???????
2 ????? ?? ????? ???
3 ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????
4 Discovery of SNMP OIDs
4 ????? ?? SNMP OIDs
5 ????? ????? JMX
6 ????? ?????? IPMI
7 ????? ?????? systemd
8 ????? ?????? Windows
9 ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? Windows
10 ????? ??????? ??????? WMI
11 ????? ??????? ??????? ODBC SQL
12 ????? ??????? ????? ????????
13 ????? ?? ????? ????
14 ????? ????? ???? ?- Áú»¢¶Ä²©
1 Synchronization of monitoring configuration
1 ????? ???????
2 ????? ??????? ?????? ????
1 ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????
2 ????? ???????
3 PSK problems
1 Event context menu
2 Host context menu
3 Item context menu
1 Action log
2 Clock
3 Data overview
4 Discovery status
5 Favorite graphs
6 Favorite maps
7 Geomap
8 Graph
9 Graph (classic)
10 Graph prototype
11 Host availability
12 Item value
13 Map
14 Map navigation tree
15 Plain text
16 Problem hosts
17 Problems
18 Problems by severity
19 SLA report
20 System information
21 Top hosts
22 Trigger overview
23 URL
24 Web monitoring
1 Cause and symptom problems
1 ???????
2 ?????? ?????
4 Maps
4 ?????? ???????
6 ?????
1 Services
3 SLA
4 ??? SLA (????? ?????)
1 ?????
2 ??????
1 ???? ??????
2 ????? ????????
3 ??? ??????
4 100 ??????? ????????
5 Audit log
6 ???? ??????
7 ??????
1 Template groups
1 ???? ??????
1 Items
2 ??????
3 ???????
1 Item prototypes
2 Trigger prototypes
3 Graph prototypes
4 ???? ????? ????
5 ?????? ?????
1 Items
2 ??????
3 ???????
1 Item prototypes
2 Trigger prototypes
3 Graph prototypes
4 ???? ????? ????
5 ?????? ?????
5 Maintenance
6 Event correlation
7 Discovery
1. ????
2 Audit log
2 ???????
3 Housekeeping
5 Macros
9 ???
5 ??????
7 ???? ????
8 ????????
3 Users
4 API tokens
4 ?????? ???????
1 HTTP
2 LDAP
3 SAML
5 ?????? ?????
1 ?????? ????????
2 ???? ????????
4 ????? ??????
5 ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????
6 ????? ????
7 ??????
8 ????? ???? ????? ????
9 ??? ????? ??????
10 ?????? ?????? ?? ??? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
11 ????? ???
13 Resetting password
> Connector object
connector.create
connector.delete
connector.get
connector.update
> Module object
module.create
module.delete
module.get
module.update
> ??????? SLA
sla.create
sla.delete
sla.get
sla.getsli
sla.?????
> Template group object
templategroup.create
templategroup.delete
templategroup.get
templategroup.massadd
templategroup.massremove
templategroup.massupdate
templategroup.propagate
templategroup.update
> User directory object
userdirectory.create
userdirectory.delete
userdirectory.get
userdirectory.test
userdirectory.update
> ??? ?? ????? ???????
graphprototype.create
graphprototype.delete
graphprototype.get
graphprototype.update
> ??? ??????? ????
hostprototype.create
hostprototype.delete
hostprototype.get
hostprototype.update
> ??? ??????? ????
itemprototype.create
itemprototype.delete
itemprototype.get
itemprototype.update
> ??? ?????
authentication.get
?????.?????
> ??? ?????
?????.???
?????.???
> ??????? ??????
token.create
??????.?????
??????.?????
??????.?????
??????.???
> ??? ????? ?????
dcheck.get
> ??????? ???
graph.create
graph.get
???.?????
????? ???
> ??? ????? ??????
regexp.create
regexp.delete
regexp.get
regexp.update
> ??? ??????
??????.?????
??????.???
> ??????? ?????
trigger.create
trigger.delete
trigger.get
?????.?????
> ??? ????????
????????.???
????????.???
> ??? ?????
alert.get
> ????? ??????? ?? ?????
triggerprototype.create
triggerprototype.delete
triggerprototype.get
triggerprototype.update
> ??? ???? ?????
auditlog.get
> ??? ???
correlation.get
?????.????
???????.?????
???????.???
> ??? ??? ?????
drule.create
drule.get
drule.?????
????? drule
> ??????? ??? LLD
discoveryrule.copy
discoveryrule.create
discoveryrule.delete
discoveryrule.get
discoveryrule.update
> ??? ???
????.???
?????.?????
?????.???
?????.???
> ??? ??? ???????
1 Action log
2 Clock
3 Data overview
4 Discovery status
5 Favorite graphs
6 Favorite maps
7 Geomap
8 Graph
9 Graph (classic)
10 Graph prototype
11 Host availability
12 Item value
13 Map
14 Map navigation tree
15 Plain text
16 Problem hosts
17 Problems
18 Problems by severity
19 SLA report
20 System information
21 Top hosts
22 Trigger overview
23 URL
24 Web monitoring
dashboard.get
??? ???????. ?????
??? ???????.???
????? ??? ???????
> ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????
templatedashboard.create
templatedashboard.delete
templatedashboard.get
templatedashboard.?????
> ??????? ????? ?????
usermacro.create
usermacro.createglobal
usermacro.delete
usermacro.deleteglobal
usermacro.get
usermacro.update
usermacro.updateglobal
> ??? ????
host.create
host.get
host.massadd
host.massremove
????.???
????.?????
????.????? ??
> ??? ???? ??????
dhost.get
> ??????? ????
??????
> ??? ???? ????
hostinterface.create
hostinterface.get
hostinterface.massadd
hostinterface.massremove
hostinterface.replacehostinterfaces
hostinterface.?????
???? ????.???
> ??? ???
???.???
???.???
???.???
????? ???
> ??????? ???? ?????? ?????
hanode.get
> ??? ??? ????
iconmap.create
iconmap.delete
iconmap.get
iconmap.?????
> ??????? ??? ???
valuemap.delete
valuemap.get
valuemap.update
????? ????? ?????
> ??????? ?????
?????.???
?????.???
> ??? ????? ??????
housekeeping.get
?????. ??? ???
> ??? ??? ????
mediatype.create
mediatype.delete
mediatype.get
????? ????
> ??? ?????
action.create
action.delete
action.get
action.update
> ??? ?????
proxy.get
proxy.????
proxy.?????
?????. proxy
apiinfo.version
> ??? ????
????.?????
????.???
????.?????
????.???
> ??????? ???? ???
graphitem.get
> ??? ????? ??????
hostgroup.create
hostgroup.delete
hostgroup.get
hostgroup.massadd
hostgroup.massremove
hostgroup.massupdate
hostgroup.propagate
hostgroup.update
> ??????? ????? ???????
usergroup.get
????? ???????.???
????? ???????.?????
????? ???????.???
> ??? ????? ???????
autoregistration.get
????? ???????
> ??? ?????
user.checkAuthentication
user.out
user.provision
????? ?????
?????.??? ?????
?????.???
?????.???
?????.???
????? ?????
> ??? ?????
????? ?????
?????.???
?????.???
?????.???
> ??????? ????? ??????
dservice.get
> ??? ?????
template.get
?????.massadd
?????.???? ???
?????.?????
?????.???
?????.?????
?????.????? ?????
> ??? ??????
?????. ??????
??????.?????
??????.?????
??????.???
> ??? ?????
????? ?????
?????.???
?????.???
?????.???
> ??? ??????
script.create
script.delete
script.execute
script.get
script.getscriptsbyevents
script.getscriptsbyhosts
?????
> ??? ?????
role.update
?????.???
?????.???
?????.???
configuration.export
configuration.import
configuration.importcompare
> ??????? ????
????.???
> ??? ????? ???
httptest.create
httptest.delete
httptest.get
httptest.update
Appendix 2. Changes from 6.2 to 6.4
Áú»¢¶Ä²© API changes in 6.4
???? 1. ????? ???
1 ????? ?????? ??????? ??????
3 Frontend modules
6 ??????? ??????
1 ????? ??? ??????
2 ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
3 ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????
1 MySQL encryption configuration
2 PostgreSQL encryption configuration
5 ????? TimescaleDB
6 ????? Elasticsearch
8 ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? Nginx ??Áú»¢¶Ä²©
9 ????? ???? ?????
10 Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent ?? ??? Microsoft Windows
11 SAML setup with Microsoft Azure AD
11 ???? SAML ?? Okta
12 ????? ??? ?????? ?? Oracle
13 SAML setup with OneLogin
13 ????? ????? ????????
14 ???? ???? ??????
15 Upgrading to numeric values of extended range
1 ??? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
2 ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
3 Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent (??????)
4 Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2 (??????)
5 Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent (Windows)
6 Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2 (Windows)
1 ???? Ceph
2 ???? Docker
3 ???? Memcached
4 ???? Modbus
5 ???? MongoDB
6 ???? MQTT
7 MSSQL plugin
7 MySQL plugin
8 ???? Oracle
9 PostgreSQL plugin
10 ???? Redis
11 ???? Smart (???)
8 Áú»¢¶Ä²© Java gateway
9 ????? ???? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
10 ?????
1 ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????
2 ???????? ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
3 ???????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
4 ???????? ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
5 ???????? ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
7 ???????? ????? ???? ???
????? ?????
1 vm.memory.size parameters
3 Trapper items
3 ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? (aagent)
4 Minimum permission level for Windows agent items
5 Encoding of returned values
6 Large file support
7 Sensor
8 Notes on memtype parameter in proc.mem items
9 Notes on selecting processes in proc.mem and proc.num items
10 Implementation details of net.tcp.service and net.udp.service checks
11 proc.get parameters
12 ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????/?? ????
13 ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
14 ????? Kerberos ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©
15 ?????? ??modbus.get
16 ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? VMware
17 Return values
1 ???????? foreach (??? ????)
2 ???????? Bitwise
3 ???????? ????? ????
4 ???????? ????????
5 Trend functions
6 Mathematical functions
7 Operator functions
8 Prediction functions
9 String functions
1 Supported macros
2 ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????
8 ???? ??????
9 ????? ??? ???
10 ????? ?????
11 ?????? ??????
12 ????? ??????? ???? ??????
13 ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ???? Windows
14 Python library for Áú»¢¶Ä²© API
14 ????? ???? ??? ???????
15 ????? ??????
16 ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? 2
18 Escaping examples
1. Monitor Linux with Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent
2 Monitor Windows with Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent
3. Monitor Apache via HTTP
4. Monitor MySQL with Áú»¢¶Ä²© agent 2
5 Monitor VMware with Áú»¢¶Ä²©
manifest.json
Actions
Views
Assets
Register a new module
Configuration
Presentation
Create a module (tutorial)
Create a widget (tutorial)
Examples
Examples
Build a plugin (tutorial)
Plugin interfaces
zabbix_agent2
zabbix_agentd
zabbix_get
zabbix_js
zabbix_proxy
zabbix_sender
zabbix_server
zabbix_web_service

14 ????? ????????

????? ?????

???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????????.

::: ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????????. :::

?????? ???????:

  • ????? ???????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? - ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????.

  • ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? Admin ?? Super admin ?? ??????? ?????:

    • ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? (????? ?????);
    • ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? (??????/????? ?????).

???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?-PDF.

??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? Áú»¢¶Ä²©, ??? ?? ??????? ?????:

  • ???? ??: ????? ¡ú ????? ????????
  • ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????
  • ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????

??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????, ????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ??? ???.

?????

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?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????.

????? ?????
????? ????? ????? ???. ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??????? ???? ????, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????.
?? ?? ????; ???? ????? ??????.
??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????; ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???. ??? ????? ??? ???????, ???? ?????? ?? ??? - ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????; ???? ???? ??? ?????. ???????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????.
?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????.
????? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ??? ?????????? ???????: ???? ?????, ????? ?????, ????? ?????, ???? ??????.
????? ?????? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???, ?????, ????? ?? ????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????.
??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? hh:mm ??? ???? ????.
???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????
????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????.
???? ???? ???"? ??????. ???? ?????? {TIME}.
????? ??? ??????? ?? ????. ???? ?????? {TIME}.
?????? ????? ????? ??????. ?????? ????, ???? ?? ?? ??? ????. ?? ????? Áú»¢¶Ä²© ?? ???? ?????? ????"? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???.
??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.
??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????:
??? ???? ?? ??? - ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????.
????? - ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??. ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????.

??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?-??? ??? ?? ???; ????? ????? ?-????? ????? ?????? ????.
????? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????.
????? ????? ????????? ?? ????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.

*??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? Admin ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??.

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?????

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???? ????? ???? ????, ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? menu.

?? ?????? ?????, ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? '???? ?? ???' ??????? ????????.

?? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????.

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??? ????? ??? ????, ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????.

?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? "???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????". ????.

????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????:

  • ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? (??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?- ????).
  • ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????.

????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????.

????? ???

??? ????? ??????? ??? ????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????. ??? ????? ???, ???? ?? ??? ????? ???, ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????.

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